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KMID : 0903620040450050256
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Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science
2004 Volume.45 No. 5 p.256 ~ p.260
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Cytoplasmic and Genetic Male Sterility in Petunia
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Song Cheon-Young
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Abstract
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To determine mechanisms of male sterility (MS) in petunia, flowers were self- and cross-pollinated and then the plants were exposed to various temperatures. Fourteen MS lines with different flower colors and growth characteristics were selected from several commercial cultivars, and self-pollinated at low temperatures in spring (March and April) from 1993 to 2001. To characterize the types of MS, all selected MS lines were exposed to constant temperatures at 15, 20, 25, and 30℃ in growth chambers. At 15℃, all lines produced viable pollen grains, and at 20℃, most lines had a few pollen grains. However, no pollen was produced from all MS lines at 25 and 30℃ when observed under a microscope. The MS lines were found to be sensitive to high temperatures, a typical characteristic for cytoplasmic MS. When seeds were sown in spring, all MS lines except ‘9334-47’ and ‘9334-48’ produced seeds when self-pollinated in a greenhouse maintained at a minimum of 15℃ at night. However, the percentage of fertility was lower than 50% and consequently the number of seeds per capsule was less than 100 as compared to those of normal fertile inbred lines. When seeds were sown in summer (July or August) and selfpollinated, none of the MS lines produced pollen grains and seeds. In another experiment, all MS lines were crosspollinated with several normal inbred lines to check for male and female fertility. The F1 progenies obtained from crosses between the MS lines as the maternal source and normal inbred lines as the paternal source produced about 200 to 300 more seeds per plant than those produced by self-pollination. The F1 lines also contained pollen grains in the anther, indicating the genetic nature of MS. These results suggest that the MS in petunia lines except ‘9334- 47’ and ‘9334-48’ showed both cytoplasmic and genetic MS.
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KEYWORD
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breeding, Petunia hybrida, temperature-sensitive male sterility
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